Rarer-bag machine



(No Model.) 5 Sheets -sheet l.

, W. LIDDELL.

PAPER BAG MACHINE.

No. 455,407. Patented July 7,1891.

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W. LIDDELL.

PAPER BAG MACHINE.

Patented July 7, 1891.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. LIDDELL. I PAPER BAG 'MAGHINE.

No. 455,407. Patented July 7, 1891.

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W LIDDELL PAPER BAG MACHINE.

"PatentedJuly v. 1891.

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PAPER BAG MACHINE.

Patented July 7, 1891.

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NI k Q 7 5w i y? PN 4w 2 W W 5:555 s, k i m a 1f UNITED STATES PATENTOFFIC ILLIAM LIDDELL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TODAVID S. VALTON, OF EAST ORANGE, NEXV JERSEY.

RAPER-BAG MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 455,407, dated July 7,1891. Application filed December 30, 1889- Serial No. 335,346. (Nomodelf T all-whom, it ntayconcern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM LIDDEL-L, of

Brooklyn, in Kings county and the State of New York, have invented acertain new and useful Improvement in Paper-Bag Machines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My improvement relates to machinery employed for making what arecommonly termed satchel-bottom paper bags, and it consists in variouscombinations of parts for shaping and pasting the bottoms of such bags.I will describe a machine embodying these combinations, and then pointout the novel features in claims. I 5 In the accompanying drawings,Figure l is a side .view of a machine embodying my improvement. Fig. 2is a plan or top view of the same. Fig. 3 is a central longitudinalsection. Fig. 4: is a transverse vertical section taken at the plane ofthe dotted line as 00, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a plan of certain creasingdevices on an enlarged scale. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the same onthe same scale as S Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation taken 2 5transversely of the machine on the same scale as Figs. 5 and 6, andillustrating some of the same parts and certain others operatingtherewith. Fig. Sis an enlarged vertical section of one of twogripping-cylinders by which the bags whose-bottoms are to be formed arefed into the machine, the section being taken longitudinally of themachine and centrally through such gripping-cylinder. Fig. 9 is asection on the same scale as Fig. 8 of the same cylinder, taken at theplane of the dotted line y y, Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is an enlarged end view ofthe same gl-ippiligcylinder, having mechanism of modifiedconstructioncombined with it. Fig. 11 is a top view of certain of the parts shown inFig. 10 in connection with said gripping-cylinder. Fig. 12 is a topview, on a smaller scale, of the same grippin -cylinder. Fig. 13 is atop view of a pile of bagblanks whose bottoms are to be formed in themachine and certain guides. Fig. 14: is a vertical section of thegripping-cylinders and their appurtenances, also a bag-blank, thesection beingtaken longitudinally of the machine and serving toillustrate the first stage 50 inthe treatment of the bag-blank. Figs.l5, 16, and 17 are plan views of different parts of the machine and bagsillustrating different stages in 'the'formation of the bottoms of thebags. Fig. 18 is a sectional side view illustrative of the final stagein the format-ion of a bag-bottom. Fig. 19 is a top View of a completedbag as it leaves the machine.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

The machine may have any suitable fram- 6o ingas, for instance, two sideframes A A connected by crossrbars or stretchers A B designates aplatform upon which the bagblan'ks are supported before they are fedforward and acted upon in the operation of forming their bottoms. Asshown,it consists of a board I), having fastened to its under side twobars 19 b the latter of which extends crosswise and the formerlengthwise of the machine. Near the ends the bar 17 is twisted around,so that at the extremities its faces will be in vertical planes, and tothese bent ends are secured upright rack-bars 12 which slide verticallyin uprights formed on the side frames A A and engage with pinions baffixed to a shaft C. By turning the shaft 0 the pinions may be made toelevate or lower the platform. I have shown the shaft C as havingsecured to it a worm-wheel c, that meshes with a worm c, mounted on ashaft 0, 8o extendinglengthwise of the machine and supported in bearingsa cfi, which are secured to the side frame'A. The shaft 0 is driven froma shaft D, extending crosswise of the machine, through a pawl 0 andratchet c The ratchet c is secured to the shaft 0 and the pawl c iscarried by a swinging arm a", which is mounted loosely on the shaft 0and oscillated by a link 0, that is put in motion by a crank c on theshaft D. This crank consists of a wrist fastened to a plate which isadjustable diametrically on the shaft C within a grooved head that isfastened to one end of the shaft, said plate being fastened in anydesired position by means of a screw 0 9 5 passing through alongitudinal slot in said plate and engaging with a tapped hole in saidhead.

The bearing a consists of a bracket open on the top and a flanged boxfitting within the same, so as to be incapable of independent movementlengthwise of the machine, but susceptible of movement upwardly anddownwardly within the bracket. The bearing a is pivotally connected witha supportingbracket. Owing to this construction'of the bearings theshaft may be oscillated so as to raise and lower the worm 0 out ofengagement or into engagement with the worm-wh eel 0. Provision for thisis made by passing that end of the shaft 0' near which the worm-wheel isarranged through a hanger 0 that is pro vided with an'inclined or curvedslot fitting a stud 0 which is secured to the side frame A. By movingthe upper end of thishanger I in one direction the inclined slot willact upon the stud so as to raise the worm, and by moving it in the otherdirection it will lower the worm. I i

It will readily be understood that by the combination of parts which Ihave described the shaft D may be made to raise the platform B at thewill of the operator to present the uppermostbag-blank of the pile onthe platform into proper position to be fed into the machine, and thatthe adjustable connection of the crank c with the shaft D affordsprovision for organizing the platform-elevating mechanism to render itsmovements suitable for bag-blanks of different thicknesses.

Combined with the shaft 0, which rotates with the movement of theplatform, is a V0- lute spring 0 that is secured at one end to a collar0, fastened to said shaft, and at the other end to the side frame A Whenthe platform is lowered, this spring will be coiled up around the shaft0, and when the platform is loaded with bag-blanks the spring tends tocounterbalance the platform and the bag-blanks. As the bag-blanks arefed off the platform, the weight of the pile of bagblanks is reduced,but as the platform is raised after each bag-blank leaves the pile thespring is periodically uncoiled to a slight extent and to that extentbecomes weaker. Hence it will weaken as the weight imposed upon theplatform becomes less and stillserve as'a counter-balance for the load.

The collar o may be so shaped as that a wrench'or key may be engagedwith it and revolvedby hand to change the vertical adjustment of theplatform.

B B are guides secured to the side frames A A and extending upwardlyadjacent to the sides of the platform-B to preserve the bag-blanks piledupon the platform in proper order, precluding any lateral displacementthereof. As shown, there are notches in the sides of the platformopposite these guides. These notches are simply'to enable the guides toreach any bag-blanks which may not be up to the standard size. Thesenotches may be made considerably deeper, as illustrated by dotted lines,to enablethe guides to be adjusted inwardly and outwardly for bag-blanksof different widths without entailing ihe necessity of changing theplatform for one of a different size. The guides B have their basesslotted crosswise of the machine, an d are secured in place by screwsZ), passing through the slots and engaging with tapped holes in thehorizon tally-extending portion of the side frames A A Hence byloosening the screws the guides may be adjusted nearer together orfarther apart and then .be may reseeured by tightening the screws. Theguides B are pivotally connected to horizontally-extending portions ofthe side frames A A by means of screws 1), which pass through holes inhorizontal eiitensions of these guides, enter tapped holes in the sideframes, and maybe tightened to secure the guides into any positions intowhich they may be adjusted.

The bag-blanks are indicated by the letter E. They are made of paper orother suitable material in the form of tubes, which are folded down flatand are open at the two ends, as may be readily understood by referenceto Fig. 13, which represents the topof a pile of bag-blanks with theuppermost blank in the pile slightly advanced relatively to those belowit in the direction of-the gripping-cylinders. It will be observed thatat one end of the blanks-the end which is toward thegripping-cylinders-there are lips a. Each bagblank has but one of theselips, and that is upon the upper side, or, in other words, upperthickness of material.

B are front gages, against which the forward ends of the bag-blanks bearwhen properly placed upon the platform. These gages are stationary andare secured to one of the cross-bars A of the machine-framing. Bdesignates movable front gages consisting of arms secured to arock-shaft C extending crosswise of the machine and journaled in theframing thereof. On this rock-shaft is an arm 0 and thisis connected toa rod 0 that slides between the shaft D and apin a. A cam e on the shaftD operates upon a roll 0 of the rod 0, thereby moving the rock-shaft Cso as to swing the gages 13* toward the pile of bag-blanks. The reversemovement of this rock-shaft'and the gages B is effected by a spring 0connected at one end with the side frame A and at the other end with anarm 0 which is affixed to the rock-shaft.

The gages B will not extend above the uppermost bag-blank. The gages 13,however, extend above the uppermost bag blank. WVhen the operatordesires to have a bagblank fed forward, he pushes the uppermost oneforward until it touches the gages B and presses upon the next bag-blankbelow, so as IIO to prevent it from being moved forward when theuppermost bag-blank is fed. The gages B move forwardly when theuppermost bagblank is fed forward, so as not to interfere with thefeeding.

F F designate the grippingcylinders moving in the direction indicated bythearrows,

that at one end of itsxmotion it will point in the reverse direction tothe direction in which- '-it points when at the other end of its motion.

ging down out of place.

The gripper of the cylinderF, as represented in Fig-14, has moved fromthe position indicatediii dotted lines into the position in which it isrepresented in bold lines, and is just ready to closeupon the lip e ofthe uppermost bag-blank of the pile E on the platform.

\Vhen it closes upon said lip, the subsequent movement of the cylindereffects the feeding of the bag-blank into the machine, it being thendrawn over a supporting-plate G,

whereby it is prevented from bulging or sag- The bag-blank is carriedforward bythe gripping-cylinder F until the gripper f of that cylinderis carried -into the'position which in dotted outline it is representedas occupying in the upperportionof Fig. 14. Before it reachesthis-position the two opposite sides of the bag-blank will have beenpartly opened by an opener consisting of aneedle or needles H, which arecarried bythe gripping-cylinder F, move outwardly through the thicknessof the bag-blank contignous to that cylindelyand, pressing against theotherthicknessor wall of the bag-blank, push it. away toward thegripping-cylinder F \Vhen the gripping-cylinder F shall have carried itsgripper f into the position .represented in dotted outline at .the upperpart of Fig. 14, the gripping-cylinder F will have carried its gripper finto an opposite position,

- secure to. the cylinder F that wall or thick- ,ness of the bag-blankwhich has not the lip e.

and by the time the latter reaches this position it'will have closedinward against its cylinder. The bag-blank having been opened beforethis, the gripper f when it closes will Thegripper f in turning'to itsclosing position makes an extended sweep toward the cylinder F, and thisinsures its entering into the bag-blank and engaging with that wall ofthe bag-blank which it is designed to secure to the cylinder F It willbe understood from this description that in the operation of feeding,first, the

gripper f secures one wall of the bag-blank to the cylinder F, then theopener opens the provided with fourarms.

tion of the operations performed in construct ing the bottom of a bag, Iwill explain the manner in which the grippers and the opener areoperated.

.The rods f, on which the grippers 'f' f are secured, have fastened toone end ahead f The head f belonging to the gripper f, operates inconjunctionwith studs f? f secured to the: brackets supported .bytheside'frame A and having anadj ustable connectionthercwith by means ofslots in thebrackets, through which the shanks of the studs pass, andscrew-nuts for clamping the studs to the slotted portionsof thebrackets, The head f belonging to the gripper f operates in conjunctionwith studs f f supported by the side frame A. One of the arms ofeachhead f has pivotally connected with it one end of a rod f with which aspring f is so combined as to complete the oscillation of the rodbelonging to such head to the extreme limit of its movement after it'shall have been partly oscillated bythe op-' as to oscillate the shaft71 in a direction to move the needles h inward into thegrippingcylinder; The inward movement is limited by a stop-pin hfastened to one of the arms or spokes of the cylinder. The arm h of eachopener H has a triangular projection h, which extends outwardly towardthe side frame A, and on .coming in contact with a projection or stud 71is swung outwardly-toward the periphery of the cylinder, so as to effectthe outward movement of the needles. The stud h is arranged to movethe'needles outward at the timeindicated in my previous explanation ofthe operation of the opener, and as soon as the arm 72, is carried h theneedles are withdrawn.

On the gripping-cylinder F are circum ferentially arrangedslitting-knives I, and the opposite portion of the cylinder F -isprovided with a plate I of suitably soft materialsnch as brass--tosustain the bag against'the action of the slitting-knives. This platemay be secured to the cylinder F by screws having their headscountersunk into it so as not surface of the said cylinder adjacent tosaid grooves and having outwardly-flaring side edges overlapping thebeveled surfaces of the knives. I provide three sets of grooves 1;, soas to allow of the arranging of the knives past the stud I in anyone'ofthree different-positions to .l'

'suitbag-blanks of-different widths. They may be secured in any of thesepositions by properly securing the segmental plates.

These knives I slit the bag-blanks from the forward end downward ashort-distance as,

for example, to the extent indicated by" the i dotted lines," which inFig. 13 extend lengthwise of the top bag-blank. This slitting is ofcourse done while the two walls of the bag-blank pass between theadjacent portions of the two gripping-cylinders. When the grippers f fof the two cylinders pull upon the two portions of abag-blank gripped bythem,

the two gripping-cylinders, and consequently toward each other, as maybe readily understood by reference to Fig. 15, which, as before stated,is a top view of portions of the two gripping-cylinders The portionse 6after being thus drawn toward each other, are fiattened down byoscillating arms J, which are made very light, preferably of flexibleresilient inetalsuch as thin steeland are secured to a rock-shaftj,journaled in brackets sustained by the side frames A A Normally thesearms are held in an elevated position by means of a spring j connectedto a fixed portion of the machine-framing and to an arm j secured to therock-shaft j, the latter being limited in the movement which it derivesfrom the spring by a stop-pin 9' The arms are depressed by means of anarm f carried by the shaft F of the grippingcylinder F, contacting withan arm j, which is affixed to the rock-shaftj. The arm j, it

- will be observed, is curved at the lower extremity, and at this pointit will preferably be made somewhat flexible or resilient. The arm f isso arranged upon the shaft F,whereby it is carried, that thearms J willbe depressed just before the gripper f releases the wall of thebag-blank having the lip 6. By the descent of the arms J the portions ee of the forward end of the bag-blank are flattened down, as representedin Fig. 16.

K designates swinging arms aflixed to a shaft 70, which is supported inbearings provided in the side frames A A and having at one end a head76. This head has a toe k which is adapted to contact with one of thehorizontal surfaces of the side frame A for the purpose of preventingthe arms K from being swung too far up. A spring 70 connected to thehead and to a fixed part of the frame A, rocks the shaft as far as thetoe k will permit it to be rocked. The shaft is moved in the otherdirection to cause the arms K to swing downwardly and rearwardly bymeans of an arm f affixed to the shaft F on the gripping-cylinder Facting upon an arm 10 secured to the head is of the shaft 7;. The arms Khave their lower ends bent inwardly toward each other to extend over thebagblank, and when they swing downwardly their inwardly-bent portionswill swing under that part of the flattened-down end portion of the bagwhich laps over the body of the bag-blank, and thereby will fold themateiral of the bag-blank inwardly neatly, taking out which thebelt-wheels n are affixed.

any wrinkles that may have previously existed.

L designates a roller, under which a bagblank passes after theflattening down of the portions 6 e in the manner described. This rollerhas two spiral grooves extending from a point near the middle in reversedirections toward the ends. l-Ience as it rotates it tends to spread outthe blank laterally.

The bag-blank after leaving the roller L is passed onto a table M,motion being given to it by the gripping-cylinder F until its for wardend passes between pairs of belts N N which pass around wheels 71. n n nand rolls 07. mounted on shafts journaled in the side frames A ABelt-tighteners n n n 11 may be used for producing a proper tension uponthe belts, and these will preferably comprise flanged pulleys whichwill-constitute guides for preventing the slipping of the belts sidewiseoff the wheels and rolls. Pairs of rolls 97. are arranged between thewheels n n and the rolls a n. The rolls of are supported in arms npivotally connected to brackets a, secured to the table M,and are wideenough to allow of considerable shifting of the belts N N sidewise. Therolls a are mounted loosely upon studs n", which are adjustable inbrackets n secured to the table M,so that said rolls 'may be laterallyadjusted.

O designates a pan containing paste or other adhesive substance andhaving a roller 0., journaled to rotate within it and pick up thesubstance contained therein and transmit it to another roller 0 which isjournaled in the frames A A to rotate in contact with the roller 0.

O is a segment mounted on the shaft to It peri odically revolves intocontact with the roller 0 and so has the adhesive substance applied tocertain portions of its surface which project. The shaft which has thewheels n affixed to it is provided with a drum 0 beneath the segment forthe purpose of supporting a bag-blank.

0 is a scraper, consisting, preferably, of a strip of brass, for keepingthe drum 0 clean and freeing it from the adhesive substance which may betransmitted to it. It may be fastened to any fixed portion of themachineas, for instance, a rod 0, supported by the side frames A A Thetable M has an opening opposite the drum 0*. The segment will carry thepaste down upon the bag-blank and apply it thereto, as indicated by thedotting in Fig. 17.

O designates a wire extending, as here shown, from the support of thepan 0 downwardly and rearwardly at a point about midway between the endsor side edges of the segment 0 The segment has a circumferential groovewhich fits over the Wire 0'. The bag-blank passes under the wire and thelatter serves to prevent the segment from lifting ICC it up in case the:bag-blank should adhere slightly to the segment. As the bag-blank movesforward after belng-pasted it is subjected to the action of which thewheels a are affixed.

is formed in the table. That portion of the drum P which will beopposite the creasers when the creasers operate upon the bag-blank isrecessed and has strips 9 of some soft material-such, for instance, asbrassinserted within it and secured by screws orotherwise, grooves beingprovided in this material to correspond with the creaser-bladesa Thesecreasing-blades crease the bag-blank on the lines 19519 (shown inFig.17) adapting it to be readily folded over on these lines; The

- drum P has acircumferential groove 19", and

the stripsp are grooved" in line with this groove. The object of thesegrooves is to accommodate a wire'p iwhicli at the forward end may besecured to theunder side of the table M and at the rear end extendedunder.

the table. This-wire, by extending through the grooves of the drum andits strips and being beneath the bag-blanks as they pass through themachine, prevents the bag-blanks from adhering to the drum and beingcarried down under the table by the drum.

Q designates a folding-plate for folding the bag-blank-over upon theline p, Fig. 17. It

is fastened-to an arm q, that is pivoted to a rod q, the latter beingsecured to an arm (1 that is fastened to a rock shaft Q. A spring 1secured at one end to the arm (1 and at the other to the arm g serves torock the arm q, so as to bring its upper end nearer to the arm g andconsequently move the plate Q in the'reverse direction. The actionofthis spring is limited bya stop q, consisting of a portion of the armprojecting into the plane of the arm q. On-the shaft Q anarm g isaffixed, and to this is connected a rod q, that is provided with aprojection or bowl g reciprocated by a cam Qiaffixed to the shaft uponwhich the belt-wheels n are mounted. The rod qlis slotted to embracethis shaft. The cam Q is composed of two sections g g. The section isrigidly secured to its support-ingshaft and the section g is adjustablysecured to the section g by means of screws passing through segmentalslots, with which the section q is provided. These slots are concentriowith the shaft. Hence the section g may be adjusted to advance it ormove it back ward relatively to the section g Q is a stationary cam-rodsupported by an upright that 'is erected upon the side frame the arm qwill be rocked relatively to the arm A It is in such position that whenthe arm q swings downwardly and rearwardly a roller iq which isjournaled upon the upper end of the arm q, will contact withit, and as aresult g in such direction as to bring the plate Q parallel with thetable M. The swinging of the arm g brings the plate Q down upon the Ibag-blank, before the tilting ,of the plate, creasers P P consisting ofblades or strips l secured to arms mounted upon the shaft to v The shaftupon which the wheels n are affixed has mounted upon it a drum Patapointbeneath I the creasers; Opposite this drum an opening which is incidentto the swinging oftl'iearm q relatively to the arm g begins, so that theplate will be sure to work underthat'portion far enough under theforwardly-folded part,

of the bag-blank to turn the extremity rearward upon the'line 1). Bythe'operat'ion of the plate Q thefolding ofv the bag-blank along theline 1) will be completed before the bagblank reaches the rolls n 97.and other rolls mounted upon the same shaft with them.

Q designates a plate attached to an arm Q12, which is pivoted by a pin(113 to the camrod Q This arm and the plate Q swing upwardl y and downwardly, the downward moveinent being caused by gravity and being limitedby a stoppin q, affixed'to the cam-rod Q The upward movement of the armQ12 and blade Q 'is effected by an arm g, which is affixed to the shaftQ, saidarm Q15 being connected with the arm by means of a spring'q. Thearm Q12 and blade Q will de- ,scend when permitted by oscillation of theshaft Q, and in such time as that the blade will drop in the way of theportion e of the bag-blank and obstruct its movement, so that The shaftD is the drivingshaft of the machine. Motion is transmitted through itby gear-wheels to the gripping-cylinders F F stretching-roller L,pasting-rollers O 0, the

shafts of the belt-wheels n n n in ysegment O drum O creasers P P drumP, and the shafts carrying the rolls n n.

Provision is afforded at every point for effecting adjustments of thismachine necessaryto adapt it for bag-blanks of diflerent sizes. Theguides 13 B it will be remembered, are adjustable Widthwise of themachine. The stud f, being adjustable in its bracket, provides forvarying the time at which .the gripperof the gripping cylinder ll will;by the advance of the bag-blank thisportion [will be raised to such adegree that before it be opened to release a bag-blank, as may be rnecessary for bag-blanks I of different sizes. The adj ustability of theslitting lrnives or cutters I is for the same purpose of suitingbagblanksof different widths. The armsJ be' ing securedby set-screws tothe shaftj, are capable of adjustment in the same direction. The arms K,being fastened by set-screws on their shaft 7c, are capable ofadjustment laterally. The belt-wheels n n n n and the rolls a n arefastened on their shafts by setscrews, so as to be adjustable laterally.The rolls 91 being supported on laterally-adjustable studs, areadaptable to bag-blanks of different sizes, and as their fellies it aremade very wide the latter do not require adjustment. The pasting-segmenthas a removable face, which may be replaced byanother of a differentsize. The creasers P P maybe removed from their arms and others may beattached. The arms, being independently secured to the supporting-shaftby set-screws, can be independently adjusted. The strips 12 in the drumP may be detached from the drum and replaced by others of differentlenght-s and inserted in different grooves in the drum, so as to beseparated different distances. The cam O is adjustable, as beforeexplained, to time the operation of the folding-plate Q to suitbag-blanks of different sizes. The adjustable crank c for operating theratchet 0 through which motion is imparted to the platform 13, is alsoadjustable. to suit different bag-blanks.

In Figs. 10, 11, and 12 I have shown mechanism whereby the top bag-blankmay be advanced automatically instead of being advanced by hand. 111these figures R designates a shaft supported in brackets 0*, attached tothe side frames A A On this shaftis affixed an arm 4", which at theouter end is pivotally connected to a rod 4' which slides in a bearing rattached to the side frame A The shaft F of the gripping-cy inder F hasaffixed to it a cam o which once in every revolution moves the-rod rdownwardly, thereby oscillating the shaft R. The rod 7' is movedupwardly and the shaft R oscillated in the reverse direction by means ofa spring 1*, connected with the arm 0* and bearing T The shaft R hasalso affixed to it an arm T, which at the outer end is bifurcated, andat the inner end of its bifurcate arms or portions has a V- shapedtongue-like portion 1' Betweenthebifurcate arms or portions a movableend section T is pivoted by a pin 1". The rear of this end section isV-shaped and laps over the V-shaped tongue 0', but being slightly largerpermits of the oscillation of the end section r relatively to the arm 0.There is to be a certain amount of friction exerted between the endsection r and the arm r", so that the end section will be capable ofremaining in any position into which it may be adjusted until shifted bythe application of sufficient force. The friction is provided by makinga pin 0" in the form of a screw, which engages with one of the bifurcateportions of the arm 4', and placing washers between the two bifurcateportions and the end section. In the gripping-cylinder F is a groove fand on the end section r is a projection 0* which. when the arm 1' ismoved upward will enter the groove f hen the end sect-ion contacts withthe gripping-cylinder, it will be bent downward relatively to the arm r.At the outer end of the end section is a needle or small rod 4', whichmaybe clamped in a split socket formed in the free extremity of the endsection o the exterior of the socket being screw-threaded and having anut applied to it. Thelower extremity of this needle is shouldered, andbeyond its shoulder has a point 0, which is bent slightly rearward oraway from the shaft R, and is sufficiently long to enter through theupper wall or thickness of a bag-blank. Then the arm r is swung downwardly, the point of the needle 4" will enter the upper wall of a bag Hblank, and as thedownward movement-of the arm 0'' continues its endsection 'r will be swung into line with it, and this movement will causethe pointof the needle 7' to move rearwardly and propel the bag-blankrearwardly. the bag-blank-and facilitate its engagement with thegripperf of the gripping-cylinder F.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The combination of a platform for holding anumber of bag-blanks, agripping-cylinder for feeding the same one at a time forward, and aswingingarm having an end section connected so as to swing independentlyand carrying at its extremity a needle for engaging with a bag-blank,substantially as specified.

2. The combination of a platform forholding a number of bag-blanks, agripping-cylinder for feeding the same one at a time forward, a swingingarm having an end section connected so as to swing independently andcarrying at its extremity a needle for engaging with a bag-blank, and acam on the shaft of the gripping-cylinder for oscillating said arm,substantially as specified.

3. The combination of a platform for holding a number of bag-blanks, agripping-cylinder for feeding the same one at a time forward, a swingingarm having an end section connected so as to swing independently andcarrying at its extremity a needle for engagin g with a bag-blank, a camfor oscillating the arm in one direction, and a spring for moving it inthe other, substantially as specified.

4. The combination of a platform for holding a number of bag-blanks, agripping-cylinder for feeding the same one at a time forward, and aswinging arm having an end sec- When the arm 0* rises, it will lift upgripping-cylinder to deflect it out of line with g the arm, substaniallyas specified.

5. The combination of a platform for holding a number of bag-blanks, agripping-cylinder for feeding the same one at a time forward, a swingingarm having an end section extended between a bifurcate portion of thearm, washers intermediate of the arm and end section,- and a screwsecuringthese parts 7 together, substantiallyas specified.

7 6. The combination of the platform B, having racks, a shaft providedwith gear-wheels engaging said racks and also provided with aworm-wheel, a shaft provided with a worm, and a hanger 0 having aninclined slot for elevating one end of the shaft, which is providedwiththe worm, substantially as specified.

7. The combination, with two gripping-cylinders having independentgrippers, of mechanismsubstantially such as described for operating thegrippers of the two cylinders successively and holding them closed untilthey shall have pulled open the end of a bag-blank, substantially asspecified.

8.1The combination of gripping-cylinders havinggrippefs f'f timed tohold opposite walls of a bag-blank open untilthe same shall have beenpulled apart, resilient osc llating arms J, extending over the meetingportions of thegripping-cylinders, and a rock-shaft to which the armsare rigidly attached,substantially as specified.

9. The combination of the gripping-cylinders F F grippers f f,gripper-rods f,heads f and the studs for operating upon said heads tooperate the grippers successively, substantiallyas specified. I

10. The combination of the gripping-cylinders FF grippers f'fgripper-rodsf, heads f and the studs for operating upon said heads tooperate the grippers successively, certain of said studs beingadjustable to provide for varying the time at which the grippers will.

operate, substantially as specified. 7

11. The combinationofgripping-cylinders F F, having grippersso timed inoperation that the gripper of the cylinder F will engage with onewall ofa bag-blank and the gripper ofthe cylinder F will subsequently engagewith the other wall of the bag-blank, substan- I tially as specified.

12. The combination, with the grippingcylinders F F, having theirgrippers arranged to operate successively, of an opener operatingintermediately of the operation of the grippers of the two cylinders toopen or separate the two walls of a bag-blanlr,s11bstantially asspecified.

13. The combination, with the gripping-' cylinders F F having theirgrippers arranged to operate successively, of an opener operatingintermediately of the operation of the grippers of the two cylinders,consisting of a needle 72., arm h, shaft 72 arm 71 having a projectionh, spring h, stop 72 and stud 7Z7, substantially as specified.

15. The combination, with gripping-cylinders, of the forwardly andrearwardly swinging arms K, substantially as specified.

16..1he combination, with gripping-cylinders and upwardly and downwardlyoscillating arms J, of the forwardly and rearwardly oscillating arms K,substantially as specified.

1'7. Thecombination of the arms K, shaft 70, head provided Witha toe 76arms is, and the arms f moving with the gripping-cylinder Fsubstantially as specified.

18. The combination, with the grippingcylinder having a series ofparallel grooves i,

of knives I and. segmental securing-plates 1', having inclinededgesbearing .upon the knives, substantially as specified.

19. The combination of the folding-plate Q, cam-rod Q arm q, rod q, arm1 and cam Q made of sections, one of which is adjustable relatively tothe other, substantially asspeci fied.

WILLIAM LIDDELL.

